The purpose of this descriptive and exploratory study was to measure the perceptions regarding a variety of science, technology, and society (STS) topics among a sample of Uruguay underclassmen college students. These perceptions were compared with the viewpoints of a group of professional scientists. It was found that, for some STS topics, such as the role of humans in global climate change, the perceptions of Uruguay underclassmen and scientists were statistically identical. For topics, such as the problem of human overpopulation, (...) both groups find themselves on the same side of the issue but with a statistically significant gap between them. Uruguay underclassmen and professional scientists have opposite views on STS topics such as the use of animals for scientific research. A sizable proportion of Uruguay underclassmen were not familiar with several STS topics, such as the scientific work of the International Space Station. Implications for formal and informal STEM education efforts are discussed. (shrink)

El autor sostiene que la importancia de abordar el concepto de paradigma desde la teología surge tanto desde el objetivo cristiano de actuar en la construcción del Reino anunciado por Jesús, como a partir de que “la mayoría de los problemas no pueden resolverse al nivel en que vienen planteados” –axioma del que no se escapa la ciencia teológica. A partir de ello, postula reflexionar sobre los inicios de paradigmas a lo largo de la historia de la teología; por qué (...) los teólogos y el magisterio los han adoptado, y por qué se cambiaron en determinadas épocas. (shrink)

Motivated by the call for more research on students’ perceptions of their ethical development in business education programs, this study examines students’ reflections on how their understanding of ethics was challenged and/or changed, and what facilitated the development of ethical decision-making approaches in a first-year accounting course. The results indicate that students developed more sophisticated and contextualised views of ethical issues in business, government and social contexts including the need to consider their impact on various stakeholders. Students attributed this development (...) to the various elements in the integrated course design including the real cases sourced in current newspaper articles, an ethical decision-making framework with various ethical perspectives, the reflective journal component and the ability to work in groups. These findings have implications for the design of effective ethics education programs in business. (shrink)

En el presente artículo se ofrece un panorama de los estudios educativos que se ocupan de la conciencia histórica. El recorrido que se propone es uno entre varios posibles y se centra específicamente en los aportes a las investigaciones en Didáctica de la Historia de las últimas décadas. En esta selección de trabajos europeos y americanos (vista desde América del Sur) destaca la preocupación por clarificar los factores que influyen en la conciencia histórica y los mecanismos para su construcción. También (...) el rol que todavía puede cumplir la escuela en la elaboración de narrativas que vinculen pasado – presente – futuro, sin olvidar algunos problemas y obstáculos en contextos concretos. Las últimas investigaciones suponen además que las personas deben asumirse como actores que pueden modificar su realidad, por lo que la relación entre lo individual y lo colectivo es un aspecto a tener en cuenta en los procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje. (shrink)

Aggression, violence, and cruelty are symptoms of psychiatric illness. They reflect abnormalities in the regulation of the stress and emotion circuitries. The functioning of these circuitries depends upon the interaction between genetics and environment. Abuse and neglect during infancy, as well as maternal stress and poor quality of maternal care, are some of the causes that produce these types of abnormal behavior. Research on the neurobiological bases of emotion regulation will allow the detection of the population at risk.

En este artículo se plantea una lectura de la historia de la verdad en Foucault a partir de la importancia progresiva que le concedió el autor en sus últimas producciones a la relación entre los procesos de veridicción y el estudio de la ética. El estatuto y el rol de la ética en la obra de Foucault, dependiente de un cierto análisis de la parrhesía, hace posible una interpretación de esa historia de la verdad de un modo que se escapa (...) a la noción de poder atribuida generalmente a Foucault: aquella que no permite pensar positivamente la autonomía de los sujetos. (shrink)

ISSN:1909-9711 (En línea) Misión La Revista Acta Colombiana de Psicología publica hallazgos originales de las investigaciones en Psicología y de esta disciplina en diálogo con otras, con el propósito de divulgarlas a la comunidad universitaria y a todas las personas interesadas en conocer sus nuevos avances y aplicaciones a distintos campos y necesidades de la sociedad contemporánea.

El texto presenta un estudio sobre Juán Amós Comenio (1592-1670) como clásico del pensamiento educativo, el hilo conductor ha consistido en tener presente el carácter sociocultural de la educación, es decir, en no perder de vista una verdad elemental: las aportaciones en el ámbito educativo, trátese de discursos, de prácticas, o bien de ambos, aún cuando pudieran presentarse ante nuestros ojos con cierto grado de abstracción, son elaboraciones que proceden de personas concretas que viven coordenadas de tiempo y espacio precisas (...) y que por ende, se vuelven comprensibles con mayor profundidad y plenitud en la medida que uno se aproxima a la forma en que vivió esta persona. Este libro constituye un proyecto de investigación más amplio, pero prioritariamente aborda aspectos de las atmósferas del siglo XVII propias de la Europa protestante que marcan la vida de Comenio b) algunas tradiciones y legados que sustentan su proyecto educativo. (shrink)

In this work we argue that there is no strong demarcation between pure and applied mathematics. We show this first by stressing non-deductive components within pure mathematics, like axiomatization and theory-building in general. We also stress the “purer” components of applied mathematics, like the theory of the models that are concerned with practical purposes. We further show that some mathematical theories can be viewed through either a pure or applied lens. These different lenses are tied to different communities, which endorse (...) different evaluative standards for theories. We evaluate the distinction between pure and applied mathematics from a late Wittgensteinian perspective. We note that the classical exegesis of the later Wittgenstein’s philosophy of mathematics, due to Maddy, leads to a clear-cut but misguided demarcation. We then turn our attention to a more niche interpretation of Wittgenstein by Dawson, which captures aspects of the aforementioned distinction more accurately. Building on this newer, maverick interpretation of the later Wittgenstein’s philosophy of mathematics, and endorsing an extended notion of meaning as use which includes social, mundane uses, we elaborate a fuzzy, but more realistic, demarcation. This demarcation, relying on family resemblance, is based on how direct and intended technical applications are, the kind of evaluative standards featured, and the range of rhetorical purposes at stake. (shrink)

The influence of age and formal education on the development of moral reasoning in a Spanish sample of students was assessed by using a Spanish translation of Rest's Defining Issues Test. Our results support the hypothesis that moral development is highly related to both variables in our cultural context, although more so with formal education than with age.

This paper addresses some relations between the spatial politics of queer assemblies in spaces of protest and the constitution of collective political subjects. It does so by exploring the spatial politics of queer activism within the global Occupy movements, in the light of Judith Butler’s work on the performative power of assembly and the ambivalences of the Foucauldian concept of heterotopia. Specific challenges faced by queer activists in various encampments will be addressed in order to expose some tensions between the (...) constitutive exclusions inherent to the constitution of spaces of protest and the processes of coalition building needed to effectively overcome those very constitutive exclusions. (shrink)

Access to medicines faces a new legal threat: “border enforcement” of drug patents. Using Brazil as an example, this article shows how the right to health depends on international trade. Border seizures of generic drugs present human rights and trade institutions with a unique challenge. Can public health advocates rise to meet it?

Most new drugs are protected by pharmaceutical patents, which give the patent holder exclusive control over that drug’s supply for 20 years. When the patent term expires, the drug becomes available for generic production by any company. The resulting competition typically leads to dramatic reductions in price. In Brazil, generic drugs are on average 40% cheaper than reference or brand-name drugs. In the United States, the Federal Drug Administration reports up to 85% price differences. Consumers in India have witnessed more (...) than 100-fold price reduction for antiretroviral drugs due to generic production. Generics thus play a key role in broadening access to health care, mostly by driving costs down, both in the developing and developed world. (shrink)

Figurative communication (the use of metaphor, metonymy, hyperbole and irony) provides economy of expression, clarity, persuasiveness, politeness, evaluation, and communication of emotions. However, it also increases the potential for misunderstanding in situations when people lack shared background knowledge. This book combines theoretical frameworks with empirical studies that measure the effectiveness of different approaches to the use of figurative language in advertisements, to show how to maximise the benefits of creative metaphor and metonymy in global advertising. It highlights how subtle differences (...) in colour, layout, and combinations of different kinds of figurative language affect the reception and appreciation of creative advertising, shedding new light on the nature of figurative communication itself. With a balance between theory, experiments and practical case studies, this book is accessible for academics in linguistics and communication studies, as well as advertising and marketing professionals. (shrink)

In this paper I consider recent discussions within the representationalist theories of phenomenal consciousness, in particular, the discussions between first order representationalism (FOR) and higher order representationalism (HOR). I aim to show that either there is only a terminological dispute between them or, if the discussion is not simply terminological, then HOR is based on a misunderstanding of the phenomena that a theory of phenomenal consciousness should explain. First, I argue that we can defend first order representationalism from Carruthers' attacks (...) and ignore higher order thoughts in our account of phenomenal consciousness. Then I offer a diagnostic of Carruthers' misunderstanding. In the last section I consider further reasons to include mindreading abilities in an explanation of phenomenal consciousness. (shrink)

Este estudio presenta las evidencias psicométricas de la Escala de Aprendizajes Percibidos, basada en los elementos didácticos y pedagógicos del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de una Experiencia Curricular en formulación y ejecución de «Programas de Intervención en Psicología». Investigación instrumental-psicométrica, de enfoque cuantitativo-transversal, con recolección de datos post-EC, en 117 estudiantes universitarios. Su contraste estadístico se realizó en el entorno R para Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio y Análisis Factorial de Componentes Principales, entre otros. Los resultados indican un adecuado ajuste orientado a 5 (...) factores, ratificado en análisis paralelos. Se concluye en la conformación de un constructo robusto, fiable y válido, que explora la conciencia de los aprendizajes en materia de promoción prevención en salud, y susceptible de adaptación. (shrink)

This research is motivated by the criticism levelled at the academic community for its failure to incorporate sufficient ethics education into the accounting curriculum :53–71, 2004; Madison and Schmidt 2006). The inclusion of ethics decision-making frameworks by professional bodies in their codes of conduct or as a standalone tool and the encouragement of their use as a part of ethics education to help students to identify and think through ethical issues in a business context has been subject to very limited (...) research to date. The aim of this study is to provide evidence of the impact of providing a framework on its own and providing a framework as part of a comprehensive integrated ethics education component of a first-year unit of study, on accounting students’ ethical sensitivity and judgment. Results indicate that providing students with a framework only does not increase students’ ethical sensitivity but does support their ethical judgment. In contrast, the integrated ethics component does increase student’s ethical sensitivity, however, an unexpected finding of this study is that increases in students’ ethical judgement are greater if they have not been previously exposed to the framework. Taken together, our findings suggest that it is the framework that has a significant impact on students’ ethical judgment, while an integrated ethics education can expose students to a range of ethical issues and thereby improve their ethical sensitivity, a critical component which initiates the ethical decision-making process. (shrink)

(2014). Cross-world luck at the time of decision is a problem for compatibilists as well. Philosophical Explorations: Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 112-125. doi: 10.1080/13869795.2014.912673.

Resumen. Este documento reconoce el sentido del liderazgo ético en las transformaciones empresariales actuales, siendo el gerente forjador de cambios transcendentales, donde el direccionamiento integral es su mayor finalidad, para lo cual, pone en practica una cultura organizacional, donde prevalece el sentido de la visión sistemática de la ética, como lo deja entrever el Modelo Spenta, cuyo eje central es el fortalecimiento de los valores éticos y la consolidación del arte de negociar, todo ello en una filosofía de buena mente (...) y buen pensamiento, de compromiso administrativo, rectitud, movilidad virtual y responsabilidad social.Palabras claves. Liderazgo ético, transformaciones empresariales, jerarquización de valores, el arte de negociar, líder gerencial, tendencias sociales, rectitud, buena mente y buen pensamiento, interconexión, globalización, movilidad virtual, responsabilidad social.. This document recognizes the sense of ethical leadership in today's business transformation, with the momentous changes smith manager, where addressing is the most comprehensive purpose for which it puts into practice an organizational culture where the prevailing sense of vision systematically of ethics, as the model suggests Spenta, whose centerpiece is the strengthening of ethical values and consolidation of the art of negotiation, all in a philosophy of good mind and good thinking, administrative commitment, honesty, virtual mobility and social responsibility.Keywords. Ethical Leadership, Business Transformation, hierarchy of values, the art of negotiation, a leading management, social trends, righteousness, good mind and good thinking, networking, globalization, virtual mobility, social responsibility. (shrink)

La mayor parte de los documentos que abordan la temática del desarrollo local, tratan la noción de “lo local” a escalas en las cuales hablar sobre espacios y temas metropolitanos parece imposible e inimaginable. Por lo anterior, este trabajo pretende abrir líneas de pensamiento que busquen responder a tres interrogantes que entremezclan y relacionan los temas del desarrollo local y del fenómeno metropolitano, es decir, se pretenden esbozar las pautas de discusión que logren responder con el tiempo a las siguientes (...) cuestiones; ¿hay espacio para lo local en un contexto metropolitano?, ¿puede ser una zona metropolitana un espacio para el desarrollo local? y ¿lo local puede ser lo metropolitano? (shrink)

El artículo presenta fundamentalmente un análisis sobre el concepto de la sabiduría y la belleza, desde la experiencia teológica del pueblo de Israel plasmada en un antiguo proverbio. La belleza y la sabiduría se encuentran unidas por una experiencia teológica y no únicamente estética; y en tal experiencia se puede reconocer al hombre sabio y bello que actúa con sensatez y eticidad con los demás.

En el artículo se exponen dos asuntos básicos: primero, más amplio, la aproximación literaria desde la semántica de lo bello a algunos pasajes literarios, y, segundo, más breve, la pregunta sobre qué significa valorar desde el punto de vista estético una pieza literaria; el primero permite introducir en el tema más genérico que indica lo segundo. Se resaltan dos temas que rodean a lo bello: el terror y lo erótico, unas relaciones que buscan desarrollar desde tres textos distintos: uno contemporáneo (...) de la poesía de Pablo Neruda y dos textos antiguos tomados de la literatura sagrada de la biblia judía y cristiana; la revisión de los textos permite ver los siguientes temas que se tratan por separado: primero, la belleza que redime lo abyecto; segundo, la belleza contemplada atípicamente desde lo sórdido, y, tercero, lo bello inefable o la imagen de terror como única expresión de la fuerza devastadora del eros. (shrink)

El texto se propone un estudio comparativo entre la poesía de Safo y los versos del Cantar de los cantares, tomando como punto de referencia un manejo común de los temas. Se trata de una especulación y no de un estudio sistemático del mismo: El amor de los amantes, la vigilia nocturna y el sueño como escenario de encuentro se exponen como pilares fundamentales de esta reflexión, al tiempo que deja abierta la posibilidad de desarrollar posteriores trabajos.

El texto propone la descripción del mundo y la comprensión fundamental del evento bajo la luz de la belleza. Su tematización filosófica en el campo de la teoría estética ha ocasionado una racionalización de la belleza, contraria al acontecer mismo del fenómeno. En lugar de esta conceptualización, se propone la experiencia de la belleza como cosmos, para contrarrestar el actual horizonte de distorsión del mundo ordenado y de obstaculización de este orden por las manos humanas. Se propone, en fin, que (...) la belleza es única y sólo se opera en clave de revelación. (shrink)

Pérez Carballo adopts an epistemic utility theory picture of epistemic norms where epistemic utility functions measure the value of degrees of belief, and rationality consists in maximizing expected epistemic utility. Within this framework he seeks to show that we can make sense of the intuitive idea that some true beliefs—say true beliefs about botany—are more valuable than other true beliefs—say true beliefs about the precise number of plants in North Dakota. To do so, however, Pérez Carballo argues that (...) we must think of the value of epistemic states as consisting in more than simply accuracy. This sheds light on which questions it is most epistemically valuable to pursue. (shrink)

I develop a non-representationalist account of mathematical thought, on which the point of mathematical theorizing is to provide us with the conceptual capacity to structure and articulate information about the physical world in an epistemically useful way. On my view, accepting a mathematical theory is not a matter of having a belief about some subject matter; it is rather a matter of structuring logical space, in a sense to be made precise. This provides an elegant account of the cognitive utility (...) of mathematics. Further, it makes explicit how the brand of non-representationalism I develop is compatible with there being substantive rationality constraints on our mathematical theorizing. (shrink)

This book is a unique exploration of the idea of the "second person" in human interaction, the idea that face-to-face interactions involve a distinctive form of reciprocal mental state attributions that mediates their dynamical unfolding. Challenging the view of mental attribution as a sort of "theory of mind", Pérez and Gomila argue that the second person perspective of mental understanding is the conceptually, ontogenetically, and phylogenetically basic way of understanding mentality. Second person interaction provides the opportunity for the acquisition (...) of concepts of mental states of increasing complexity. The book reviews the growing interest in a variety of second person phenomena, both in development and in adulthood, presenting research that shows how participants in human interaction attribute psychological states of a referentially transparent kind to each other. This review documents the spontaneous preference for face-to-face interaction, from eye contact to joint attention, from forms of vitality to communicative intentions, from interaction detection to joint action, and from synchrony to interpersonal coordination. Also looking at the implications and applications of the second person perspective within fields as diverse as art and morality, this book is fascinating reading for students and academics in social and cognitive psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience, and philosophy. (shrink)

This research analyses the influence of the perception of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR image) on consumer–company identification (C–C identification). This analysis involves an examination of the influence of CSR image on brand identity characteristics which provide consumers with an instrument to satisfy their self-definitional needs, thereby perceiving the brand as more attractive. Also, the direct and mediated influences (through their effect on brand attitude), of CSR-based C–C identification on purchase intention are analysed. The results offer empirical evidence that CSR generates (...) more C–C identification because it improves brand prestige and distinctiveness; brand coherence is also a powerful antecedent of brand attractiveness in the context of CSR communication. Finally, CSR-based C–C identification is able to generate directly better attitude towards the brand and greater purchase intention. (shrink)

According to an influential view, when it comes to representing reality, some words are better suited for the job than others. This is elitism. There is reason to believe that the set of the best, or elite, words should not be redundant or arbitrary. However, we are often forced to choose between these two theoretical vices, especially in cases involving theories that seem to be mere notational variants. This is the riddle of redundancy: both redundancy and arbitrariness are vicious, but (...) there are cases in which one must be picked. Logical realists admit that there are some logical constants among the elite words. This leads to awkward questions, such as which among conjunction and disjunction is elite. In this paper, I show how the riddle of redundancy arises for logical realists, and offer a solution. This approach requires us to change how we represent negation. Instead of using some particular symbol, we represent negation by flipping formulae over the horizontal axis. (shrink)